In ultra-precision polishing of large-aperture optical components, multi-jet technology’s poor material removal uniformity due to jet interference restricts its high-end equipment application. This paper proposes a conical array nozzle to suppress interference and improve uniformity via configuration optimization. A computational fluid dynamics model compares flow field characteristics and pressure distribution of conical and traditional cylindrical nozzles. Results show the conical structure converges and stabilizes the jet core; at an optimized outlet spacing of 8 mm, interference is reduced, the peak material removal rate increases by 15.2%, and distribution uniformity improves. Fixed-point and regional polishing experiments verify the model. With the same surface quality, the optimized three-jet’s efficiency is over 300% higher than the traditional single jet, providing new support for high-performance intelligent polishing equipment development.

Multi-jet polishing,Conical array nozzle,Jet interference,Computational fluid dynamics,Uniformity