To enhance the tribological performance of 45 steel, a wear-resistant and friction-reducing composite solid lubricant film with micro-textured AlCoCrFeNiMo high-entropy alloy (HEA) substrate was fabricated via a combined route of laser cladding, laser surface texturing (LST) and ion sulfurization. The microstructure and tribological behaviours of the composite film were systematically characterized and tested. The results reveal that the as-clad AlCoCrFeNiMo coating is composed of dual FCC + BCC solid-solution phases with an average microhardness of 535.5 HV_0.2, and its dominant wear modes include abrasive wear and oxidative wear. After the synergistic treatment of surface texturing and ion sulfurization, the composite lubricant film consists of FCC + BCC matrix together with FeS and MoS₂ sulfide lubricating phases. The average friction coefficient of the modified coating reaches 0.13, representing a 79.37% reduction compared with the untreated cladding layer. The wear mechanism transforms to adhesive wear as the primary mode, accompanied by minor oxidative wear and abrasive wear.

Laser cladding; high entropy alloy; surface texture; ionic sulfurization; tribological properties